Original Research

HIV and Tuberculosis co-infection impacts T-cell activation markers but not the numbers subset of regulatory T-cells in HIV-1 infected patients

Moustapha Mbow, Ndèye S.S. Santos, Makhtar Camara, Awa Ba, Aliou Niang, Géraldine Daneau, Djibril Wade, Abdou A. Diallo, Maxim Toupane, Maïmouna Diakhaté, Nafissatou Lèye, Papa A. Diaw, Souleymane Mboup, Luc Kestens, Tandakha N. Dieye
African Journal of Laboratory Medicine | Vol 2, No 1 | a76 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v2i1.76 | © 2013 Moustapha Mbow, Ndèye S.S. Santos, Makhtar Camara, Awa Ba, Aliou Niang, Géraldine Daneau, Djibril Wade, Abdou A. Diallo, Maxim Toupane, Maïmouna Diakhaté, Nafissatou Lèye, Papa A. Diaw, Souleymane Mboup, Luc Kestens, Tandakha N. Dieye | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 30 June 2012 | Published: 02 September 2013

About the author(s)

Moustapha Mbow, Laborarotory of Bacteriology and Virology Aristide Le Dantec teaching hospital, Immunology Unit, Dakar, Senegal, Senegal
Ndèye S.S. Santos, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Makhtar Camara, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Awa Ba, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Aliou Niang, Department of Pneumophthisiology, Fann University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Géraldine Daneau, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
Djibril Wade, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
Abdou A. Diallo, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Maxim Toupane, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Maïmouna Diakhaté, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Nafissatou Lèye, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Papa A. Diaw, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Souleymane Mboup, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
Luc Kestens, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
Tandakha N. Dieye, Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has been shown to accelerate the clinical course of HIV infection, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are not well understood. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs)are known to dampen hyperactivation of the immune cells, but it remains unclear whether hyperactivation of T-cells in HIV infection is associated with a decrease of Tregs and what the effect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) co-infection has on T-cell activation and Tregs.

Objectives: In this study, we aim to evaluate whether active TB is associated with the increased expression of T-cell activation markers and reduced number of Treg cells in HIV-1-infected patients.

Methods: This study was conducted on 69 subjects consisting of 20 HIV-infected patients,20 HIV and MTB co-infected patients, 19 MTB-infected patients and 10 uninfected control subjects negative for both MTB and HIV. The frequencies of T-cell activation markers (CD38 and HLA-DR) and Treg cells (CD4+CD25+CD127-) were measured by flow cytometry.

Results: Significantly higher expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells was found in MTB and HIV co-infected patients compared with HIV-infected patients. However,no significant difference in the percentage of Treg cells was reported between HIV patients with TB and those without. The study also showed a negative correlation between regulatoryT-cells frequency and CD4+ T-cell counts.

Conclusion: These results suggest that TB enhances the expression of peripheral T-cell activation markers during HIV infection, whilst having no impact on the percentages of Tregcells.


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